Experimenta et Hypotheses Chemica …

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Experimenta et Hypotheses Chemica (Sperimentazione e Ipotesi Chimica)

Atomismo dell’antica Grecia

Lucretius-De-rerum-natura-This-elegant-manuscript-of-Lucretiuss-philosophical-poem-copied-by-an-Augustinian-friar-for-a-pope-is-an-example-of-the-interest-in-ancient-accounts-of-nature-taken

 

Bramante_heracleitus_and_democritus

Leucippo fu il fondatore della scuola di Mileto nel V secolo A.C. dove si inizia a disquisire intorno all’atomismo. Democrito fu allievo e cofondatore dell’atomismo con Leucippo e quindi i propri nomi sono legati alla ipotesi atomistica. Il pensiero atomista proponeva il mondo concepito su due realtà: atomi e vuoto; gli atomi si muovono nel vuoto e urtando l’un l’altro formano il mondo e i singoli oggetti. La materia poteva essere divisa fino ai piccoli atomi (indivisibili). Democrito ipotizzò l’archè fatto da atomi; gli atomi non erano tutti uguali ma differivano da forma, posizione e ordine.

Coypel_Democritus

Immaginiamo di avere due lettere “A” e “N” due lettere diverse tra loro e quindi A?N e quindi differiscono dalla forma AN?NA differiscono di ordine e se considero N e la ruoto di un angolo retto ottengo Z . Gli atomi differiscono anche per il peso che è conseguenza della forma. La superficie dei corpi era composta da atomi più leggeri e perfino l’anima era costituita da atomi più leggeri rispetto al corpo. L’opera di Lucrezio, “DE RERUM NATURA” riporta i dettagli del pensiero di Epicuro che ipotizzava gli atomi sferici con uncini con moto ascensionale in linea retta e piccole deviazioni per scontrarsi con atomi vicini (CLINAMEN) con un piccolissimo angolo detto “PAULO PLUS QUAM MINIMUM”. Sensazionale ragionamento che ci riporta al pensiero di LEIBNIZ sulle derivate e sui flussi e campi vettoriali, alle teorie più moderno della cinetica chimica e ai modello atomico di Dalton.Puoi Contribuire a approfondire questo argomento commentando sotto.

Vincent,_François-André_-_Democritus_among_the_Abderites

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Atomism of ancient Greece
Leucippo was the founder of the Mileto school in the 5th century BC where he begin to quibble around atomism. Democritus was a student and co-founder of atomism with Leucippus and therefore his names are linked to the atomistic hypothesis. Atomist thought proposed the world conceived on two realities: atoms and emptiness; the atoms move in the void and bumping into each other form the world and the individual objects. Matter could be divided up into small (indivisible) atoms. Democritus hypothesized the archè made from atoms. the atoms were not all equal but differed in shape, position and order. Imagine we have two letters “A” and “N” two different letters between each other and therefore A ? N and therefore differ from the form AN ? NA differ in order and if I consider N and the rotate of a right angle I get Z. Atoms also differ in the weight that is a consequence of the shape. The surface of the bodies was composed of lighter atoms and even the soul was made up of lighter atoms than the body. The work of Lucretius, “DE RERUM NATURA” reports the details of the thought of Epicurus who hypothesized spherical atoms with hooks with an upward motion in a straight line and small deviations to collide with neighboring atoms (CLINAMEN) with a very small angle called “PAULO PLUS QUAM MINIMUM “. Senzionale reasoning that brings us back to the thought of LEIBNIZ on derivatives and flows and vector fields, to the most modern theories of chemical kinetics and to Dalton’s atomic model. You can help deepen this topic by commenting below.
Riccardo Zanaboni
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Atomisme de la Grèce antique
Leucippe a été le fondateur de l’école de milet au 5ème siècle A.C. où l’on commence à disquiser autour de l’atomisme. Démocrite fut élève et cofondateur de l’atomisme avec Leucippe et donc ses noms sont liés à l’hypothèse athomiste. La pensée athomiste proposait le monde conçu sur deux réalités: atomes et vides; les atomes se déplacent dans le vide et heurtent l’un l’autre, ils forment le monde et les objets individuels. La matière pouvait être divisée jusqu’aux petits atomes (indivisibles). Démocrite supposait l’archétype fait par des atomes; les atomes n’étaient pas tous égaux, mais ils différaient de la forme, de la position et de l’ordre. Imaginons que deux lettres “A” et “N” diffèrent entre elles et donc A~N est diffèrent donc de la forme AN~NA et si je considère N et la rotation d’un angle droit je reçois Z. Les atomes diffèrent également par le poids qui est la conséquence de la forme. La surface des corps était composée d’atomes plus légers et même l’âme était constituée d’atomes plus légers que le corps. L’ouvrage de Lucrezio, “DE RERUM NATURA”, présente les détails de la pensée d’Épicure qui sous-entendait les atomes sphériques avec des crochets à mouvement ascensionnel en ligne droite et de petites déviations pour se heurter à des atomes proches (CLINAMEN) avec un tout petit angle appelé “PAULO PLUS QUAM Minimun”. Raisonnement sensationnel qui nous ramène à la pensée de LEIBNIZ sur les dérivées et les flux et les champs vectoriels, aux théories les plus modernes de la cinétique chimique et au modèle atomique de Dalton. Vous pouvez contribuez à approfondir ce sujet en commentant ci-dessous.
Amélie Lo Monaco

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FONTI
1)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomism;
2)https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicuro;
3)https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democrito;
4)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xy5nZPdVD5U
5)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3E9g55tgNM
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FIGURA :Lucretius, De rerum natura // This elegant manuscript of Lucretius’s philosophical poem, copied by an Augustinian friar for a pope, is an example of the interest in ancient accounts of nature taken by the Renaissance curia. The work, written in the first century B.C., contains one of the principal accounts of ancient atomism. The poem was little known in the Middle Ages and its author dismissed as an atheist and lunatic, but after the discovery of an early manuscript in 1417 by the humanist and papal secretary Poggio Bracciolini, it circulated widely in Italy. This is one of numerous copies made at that time. The coat of arms of Sixtus IV appears on this page. Vat. lat. 1569 fol. 1 recto medbio04 NAN.13
Di In Latin, Copied by Girolamo di Matteo de Tauris for Sixtus IV, Italy, 1483 – http://www.ibiblio.org/expo/vatican.exhibit/exhibit/f-medicine_bio/Medicine_bio.html, Pubblico dominio, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6510046

Dr. Riccardo Zanaboni (Staff Scientifico del C.I.R.)
By: Centro Italiano Ricerche

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